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Stainless Steel 304L
Related Metals:
3R12(tm)
Project 70 304L(tm)
Project 7000 Stainless 304L(tm)
Speed-E-Mac 304L(tm)
AF 304L(tm)
AF 304LN(tm)
A low carbon version of type 304 stainless. 304L is used almost interchangeably with 304 but is preferred for welding operations. It offers a good combination of strength, corrosion resistance and fabricability.
Applications
The list is endless. Almost every conceivable industry uses some of this material in some way. Everything from stovetops to ball point pen barrels to flatware to fasteners has been fabricated from this alloy.
Machinability
Slow speeds and heavy feeds will minimize this alloys tendency to work harden. Due to long stringy chips, the use of chip breakers is advisable. Many companies now offer premium machinability grades, such as CarTech with their Project 70 and 7000 series.
Welding
All fusion and resistance processes have been successfully employed in welding 304. AWS E/ER308 or 312 filler metal is recommended. Its low carbon, means that the is less carbide precipitation at the weld boundaries resulting in stronger welds.
Hot Working
Forging, heading and other hot working should follow uniform heating to 2100-2300 F (1149-1260 C). Rapid cooling is necessary to attain maximum corrosion resistance in finished parts.
Cold Working
Readily fabricated by most cold working methods, 304L may require intermediate annealing to avoid cracking or tearing from radical deformation. Full annealing should follow any operation to reduce internal stress and optimize corrosion resistance.
Annealing
1850-2050 F (1010-1121 C) followed by rapid cooling.
Hardening
This alloy does not respond to heat treatment. Cold work will cause an increase in both hardness and strength.
Physical Data
Density (lb / cu. in.)
0.29
Specific Gravity
7.9
Specific Heat (Btu/lb/Deg F - [32-212 Deg F])
0.12
Electrical Resistivity (microhm-cm (at 68 Deg F))
432
Melting Point (Deg F)
2650
Modulus of Elasticity Tension
28
Mechanical Data
Form
Plate
Condition
Test Specimen Annealed
Temper
70
Tensile Strength
79
Yield Strength
33
Elongation
60
Form
Strip
Condition
Full Hard
Temper
70
Tensile Strength
185
Yield Strength
140
Elongation
8
Rockwell
C41
Form
Strip
Condition
Half Hard
Temper
70
Tensile Strength
150
Yield Strength
110
Elongation
17
Rockwell
C32
Form
Strip
Condition
Quarter Hard
Temper
70
Tensile Strength
125
Yield Strength
75
Elongation
25
Rockwell
C25
Form
Strip
Condition
Test Specimen Annealed
Temper
70
Tensile Strength
81
Yield Strength
39
Elongation
55
Rockwell
B79
Form
Strip
Condition
Three Quarter Hard
Temper
70
Tensile Strength
175
Yield Strength
135
Elongation
11
Rockwell
C37
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